In this paper, I present a new vision of fairness and a Theory of Equality and Intangible Wealth Distribution. The paper offers a discussion on how equality and the distribution of intangible wealth are linked to equality in the dissemination of knowledge through academic institutions. It also presents a rationale for an equal distribution of intangible wealth, how intangible wealth of nations is increasing, and how intangible wealth is linked to the modern means of production. This paper also introduces a formula to measure the value of intangible wealth at the individual level, explains the superiority of this wealth, and highlights the role of academic institutions, researchers, and professors in the production and distribution of knowledge assets.